3D-printed concrete (3DPC) represents a rapidly developing technology with numerous applications in construction. The properties of 3DPC under both static and dynamic loads can be enhanced by incorporating reinforcement. This study presents a novel reinforcement technique utilizing U-shaped steel wire mesh (U-shape SWM). This technique involves integrating both horizontal and vertical reinforcements during the concrete printing process. Additionally, a new fabrication process was developed using a dual-arm robotic system, with each arm equipped with shaping and welding tools, to autonomously create U-shape SWM structures. An experimental investigation was conducted on specimens reinforced with either flat or U-shape SWM reinforcements under flexural loading. Compared to the specimens reinforced with a single layer of 6-mm flat SWM under a shear-span ratio of 2, those incorporating one layer of U-shape SWM combined with two layers of 6-mm flat mesh exhibited a 200% increase in failure load and a 26.09% increase in cracking load, while the ultimate displacement decreased by approximately 6%. Under a reduced shear-span ratio of 0.5, this reinforcement configuration reached a failure load of 43.6 kN, a cracking load of 16.1 kN, and an ultimate displacement of 11.1 mm. Furthermore, an analytical model based on the strut-tie model was developed to predict the load-bearing capacity of the reinforced specimens. The model predictions showed good correspondence with the experimental results.

Background: The outcomes of older adults with cancer are usually worse than those of their younger counterparts. Several randomised trials have demonstrated benefits of a comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) in older patients undergoing systemic cancer therapy. Despite that, CGA is not implemented into routine care in Germany and data on its efficacy and feasibility within the German healthcare system are missing.

Methods: This prospective, bicentric cohort study will assess the feasibility of CGA implementation into routine care for older adults with cancer in Germany. Patients ≥ 65 years with a positive geriatric screening (G8) and newly diagnosed cancer or progressive disease prior to a new treatment line undergo a CGA as part of their routine care. Patients who consent to participate in the study receive a follow-up call after three months to assess functional measures, and their (routine) CGA data are analyzed thereafter. CGA results are presented during the multidisciplinary team meeting to inform treatment recommendations provided by primary healthcare providers (pHCP; e.g., oncologists, gynecologists, urologists). pHCP are further evaluated for their satisfaction with CGA implementation and whether its results have influenced their recommendations. The primary endpoint is to estimate the patients’ willingness to participate with an accuracy of ± 7.5%. Secondary endpoints focus on additional feasibility measures and patient preferences.

Conclusion: This study will assess the feasibility of CGA implementation into routine care for older cancer patients. Its results will provide the framework to design a larger subsequent trial to assess the efficacy and cost effectiveness of CGA implementation in Germany.

Clinical trial registration number: DRKS00035569

With increasing chronological age, the vascular system gradually loses its functional integrity, a process known as vascular aging. This decline is a major contributor to arterial and venous thromboembolic disorders, which represent one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity among aged individuals. However, the precise biological mechanisms linking systemic aging to thrombotic susceptibility remain poorly understood, hindering the development of effective preventive and therapeutic strategies for age-related thrombotic diseases. Aging, as a fundamental determinant of vascular health, shifts the balance between prothrombotic and antithrombotic mechanisms through cumulative molecular and cellular alterations across vascular cells, red blood cells, platelets, and immune cells. These interconnected hallmarks collectively disrupt endothelial homeostasis, enhance platelet reactivity, and impair coagulation and fibrinolytic pathways. Emerging factors, including clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential and environmental exposures, further exacerbate the thrombotic risk in older populations. Clinically, thrombosis management in the elderly requires careful calibration between protection against ischemia and bleeding risk, as age-associated changes are known to affect the safety and efficacy of antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapies. The development of geroscience-guided interventions, alongside optimized antithrombotic strategies, will be essential to reduce the thrombotic burden and improve outcomes in the aging population.

Aims: We present an early investigation of how people interact with human-like Artificial Intelligence (AI) agents in virtual reality when discussing ideologically sensitive topics. Specifically, it examines how users respond to AI agents that express either congruent or incongruent opinions on a controversial issue, and how alignment, modality, and agent behaviors shape perceived conversation quality, psychological comfort, and agent credibility.

Methods: We conducted a 2 (agent opinion: congruent vs. incongruent) × 2 (input modality: text vs. voice) between-subjects experiment with 36 participants who engaged in five-minute virtual reality (VR)-based conversations with a GPT-4-powered AI agent about U.S. gun laws. Participants completed pre- and post-study measures of opinion and emotional states, evaluated the agent, and reflected on the interaction. In addition, dialogue transcripts were analyzed using the Issue-based Information System (IBIS) framework to characterize argument structure and engagement patterns.

Results: Participants engaged willingly with the AI agent regardless of its stance, and qualitative responses suggest that the interactions were generally respectful and characterized by low emotional intensity. Quantitative results show that opinion alignment influenced perceived bias and conversational impact, but did not affect the agent’s competence or likability. While voice input yielded richer dialogue, it also heightened perceived bias. Qualitative findings further highlight participants’ sensitivity to the agent’s ideological stance and their preference for AI agents whose views aligned with their own.

Conclusion: Our study suggests that AI agents embodied in VR can support ideologically challenging conversations without inducing defensiveness or discomfort when designed for neutrality and emotional safety. These findings point to early design directions for conversational agents that scaffold reflection and perspective-taking in politically or ethically sensitive domains.

The Hippocratic Oath enshrines the ethical imperative primum non nocere -“first, do no harm”- thereby guiding medicine practice toward the meticulous avoidance of interventions that may compromise patients’ physiological integrity and overall well-being. Following this principle, benzodiazepines were initially introduced as safer alternatives to barbiturates and have since become one of the most commonly prescribed drug classes for the long-term management of neuropsychiatric disorders in older adults with progressive health deterioration. However, emerging evidence implicates the endogenous benzodiazepine-like peptide, acyl-CoA binding protein/diazepam-binding inhibitor, in the orchestration of maladaptive stress responses. These responses are associated with accelerated pathological aging and increased risks of a spectrum of age-associated morbidities, including metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular diseases, cancers, and immune dysfunction. Corroborating these mechanistic insights, retrospective observational studies have consistently reported significant correlations between long-term benzodiazepine use and elevated risks of cardiovascular mortality, dementia, cancer incidence, impaired responsiveness to immunotherapy, and heightened vulnerability to severe infections. Given these converging lines of evidence, we strongly advocate for the cautious reduction of benzodiazepine prescriptions in elderly patients. Whenever clinically feasible, these agents should be replaced by alternative psychotropic compounds with more favorable risk-benefit profiles, in alignment with contemporary standards of geriatric pharmacotherapy and the ethical imperative to minimize iatrogenic harm.

Immunotherapy has emerged as a transformative approach in cancer therapeutics, yet its clinical translation remains constrained by significant challenges, including tumor immune evasion mechanisms and suboptimal efficacy of monotherapy, collectively impeding the full realization of its therapeutic potential. With their unique physicochemical properties, tunable enzyme-mimetic activities, and ability to induce cuproptosis, copper-based nanomaterials provide a new solution to overcome these limitations and have become a research focus in the field of targeted antitumor immunotherapy. This review systematically summarizes the research progress of copper-based nanomaterials in tumor immunotherapy, with a focus on discussing their core antitumor immunological mechanisms. These materials trigger immunogenic cell death by inducing cuproptosis and activate the body’s innate and adaptive immune responses through the release of damage-associated molecular patterns, such as calreticulin, high-mobility group box 1, adenosine triphosphate, and mitochondrial DNA. Meanwhile, they remodel the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment by alleviating tumor hypoxia, scavenging immunosuppressive metabolites, and reducing immunosuppressive cells. On this basis, this review further analyzes the combined therapeutic strategies of copper-based nanomaterials with immune checkpoint blockade, photodynamic therapy, photothermal therapy, sonodynamic therapy, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. It also elaborates on the specific mechanisms by which various combined regimens enhance antitumor efficacy, such as through synergistically amplifying oxidative stress, strengthening cell death effects, or improving therapeutic targeting. Additionally, this review discusses the current challenges faced by copper-based nanomaterials in clinical translation and points out future development directions. This review aims to provide a theoretical basis and practical guidance for the clinical translation of multifunctional copper-based nanoplatforms. It also offers new insights for the development of tumor immunotherapies based on metal and redox biology, helping to overcome immune tolerance and improve the efficacy of antitumor treatment.

The effectiveness of hemostasis during spinal surgery directly influences the surgical success rate and patient prognosis. Minimally invasive surgery has multiple advantages, including reductions in intraoperative and postoperative blood loss, minimized damage to surrounding tissues, and alleviation of postoperative pain. However, when the spinal epidural venous plexus is located within deep cavities, achieving sufficient hemostasis often presents challenges due to limited operating space and the limitations of traditional hemostatic materials. In recent years, novel adhesive hemostatic hydrogels have served as local injectable hemostatic agents. These hydrogels function through dual mechanisms: physical blockage of bleeding sites and biological activation, such as promoting coagulation cascades, thereby showing significant advantages in bleeding control at complex anatomical sites. Accordingly, this article systematically reviews the progress of basic research and clinical translation related to hemostatic materials over the past five years to provide a scientific foundation for optimizing perioperative hemostatic strategies.

Topology, a cornerstone of modern condensed matter physics, has in the past decade played a crucial role in diverse wave systems. As a powerful wave system, light can be sculpted into an even richer variety of topological structures, including vortices, skyrmions, Möbius strips, etc., leading to advanced photonic technologies from optical trapping to imaging, across quantum and classical regimes. A recent breakthrough demonstrated that topologically structured water waves can manipulate particles with intricate spin-orbital motion, and similar principles have enabled topological control in acoustofluidics, opening new insights in wave-matter interactions. Therefore, we argue that topological light waves possess an analogous potential, offering a route beyond the scalar-field limitations of conventional optical tweezers and establishing a new paradigm of multidimensional, vectorial control over matter. This article starts with brief introductions to optical tweezer technologies and topological light waves, then focuses on their emerging combination: particle trapping and sorting. It follows with perspectives on how topologies can couple to new degrees of freedom for manipulating complex particle motions previously inaccessible, and finally discusses potential applications.

DNA end resection is a pivotal process that governs repair pathway choice following double-strand breaks and is essential for maintaining genomic stability. Traditionally considered an enzyme-driven cascade regulated by post-translational modifications, recent insights have revealed an additional layer of control mediated by liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS). Our recent findings identify LLPS as a key organizing principle in DNA end resection through the ERCC6L2–RNF138–CtIP axis, in which ERCC6L2-driven condensates stabilize CtIP and modulate the extent of resection. This perspective discusses the emerging concept of LLPS as a regulatory mechanism in DNA repair, highlighting key mechanistic questions regarding condensate formation, spatial coordination, and pathway choice. We further explore the broader implications of dysregulated phase separation in aging and cancer, and consider how pharmacological modulation of LLPS could be leveraged to enhance therapeutic responses to genotoxic stress.

Aims: Endometrial cancer (EC) is often driven by hyperactivation of the PI3K-Akt-mTOR (PAM) pathway due to mutations in PTEN and/or PI3K genes. While mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) inhibitors show limited efficacy as single agents in EC, previous studies suggest that they may sensitize the PAM-mutant cancer cells to ferroptosis, a regulated form of necrosis dependent on iron-catalyzed lipid peroxidation. We investigated whether combining mTORC1 inhibition with ferroptosis induction could overcome resistance mechanisms and improve therapeutic outcomes in EC.

Methods: We evaluated the effect of catalytic, allosteric, and bi-steric mTORC1 inhibition on ferroptosis sensitivity in EC cell lines with different PAM pathway mutational statuses. In vivo efficacy of the combinational treatment was tested in MFE296 xenograft models.

Results: The catalytic and bi-steric mTORC1 inhibitor RMC-6272 sensitized PAM pathway-activated EC cells to ferroptosis induced by GPX4 inhibition, while EC cells without PAM pathway activation were intrinsically sensitive to ferroptosis. Further, mTORC1 inhibition also induced apoptosis in PAM pathway-activated EC cells, indicating a multi-modal cell death response. In vivo, combination treatment with RMC-6272 and the GPX4 inhibitor JKE-1674 significantly suppressed xenograft growth, with evidence of both ferroptosis and apoptosis in tumors.

Conclusion: Our study highlights the therapeutic potential of dual targeting of mTORC1 and ferroptosis to trigger multi-modal cell death in PAM pathway-activated EC, with broader implications for other cancers exhibiting mTORC1 hyperactivation.

Aims: Development of robust and effective methods for uncovering herb interactions and constructing herb–disease associations requires the integration of diverse biological and medical information. A key challenge in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) research is to robustly uncover herb interactions and construct reliable herb–disease associations. This task requires handling the inherently high-dimensional, multi-label, and cross-domain nature of prescription data. Existing approaches provide limited representation capacity and insufficient integration of biomedical knowledge, restricting their ability to capture the complex semantics underlying the relationships between herbs and diseases.

Methods: To address the limitations of existing approaches, we propose MediHerb, a multi-modal enhanced framework for disease inference via herbal knowledge. MediHerb unifies five complementary modalities: molecular sequences, fingerprints, physicochemical properties, graphical prescription representations, and the description of TCM prescriptions into a shared latent space. An attention-based fusion mechanism aligns the semantics across molecular, herbal, and diagnostic levels, enabling multi-granularity reasoning. To further promote accessibility, a lightweight graphical interface has been developed to support interaction with both the model and open datasets.

Results: Experimental results on benchmark datasets demonstrate that MediHerb substantially outperforms existing baselines in herb–disease inference. Beyond predictive accuracy, the learned embeddings and model attention patterns reveal meaningful biological and pharmacological insights, confirming that MediHerb captures the mechanistic underpinnings of herb–disease associations.

Conclusion: MediHerb highlights the potential of knowledge-enhanced multi-modal fusion to bridge molecular, herbal, and clinical semantics, offering a more interpretable and holistic approach to understanding TCM prescriptions.

Aims: Elevated lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is an overlooked and underdiagnosed risk factor for peripheral artery disease (PAD). Negligible testing rates of Lp(a) in patients with PAD are suspected to be largely caused by implementation barriers and poor awareness. Here, we report pilot results of the newly initiated Lp(a)-PAD inpatient care pathway that employs the LILAC-for-Lp(a) framework.

Methods: A review of the process of implementation of the inpatient Lp(a)-PAD pathway was undertaken using quality improvement methods. The prevalence of elevated Lp(a), and its association with the severity of chronic limb ischaemia were investigated.

Results: At 3 months after integrating detection of Lp(a) in the care of patients admitted to hospital for PAD-related limb ischaemia issues, 22.6% of the 106 patients were detected to have elevated Lp(a) levels ≥ 120 nmol/L, and 34.9% with mildly raised Lp(a) ≥ 70 nmol/L. There was a higher proportion of patients with levels ≥ 120 nmol/L compared with Lp(a) < 120 nmol/L who had category 6 classification of chronic limb ischaemia by Rutherford classification (95.8% vs 70.7%, p-value = 0.011). Lp(a) ≥ 120 nmol/L and Lp(a) as a continuous variable were associated with the highest severity of limb ischaemia, p = 0.032 and p = 0.045, respectively. The low-density lipoprotein (LDL) attainment goal in our patients with PAD was suboptimal; LDL-C < 1.4 mmol/L goal attainment was achieved in 30.2% of all patients and 25.0% of the group of elevated Lp(a), respectively.

Conclusion: This pilot study suggests that the LILAC-for-Lp(a) framework, via multidisciplinary collaboration and quality improvement methods, is helpful to integrate Lp(a) testing into PAD management.

Disulfidptosis is a recently identified form of regulated cell death (RCD) triggered by disulfide stress when cystine uptake via solute carrier family 7 member 1 (SLC7A11) overwhelms the cell’s reducing capacity. Unlike apoptosis or other “cell suicide” pathways, disulfidptosis likely represents a “cell sabotage” mechanism, defined by aberrant disulfide bonding and catastrophic actin cytoskeleton collapse. In this Perspective, we examine the paradoxical role of SLC7A11 as both a ferroptosis protector and a disulfidptosis trigger, and the mechanistic hallmarks of disulfidptosis. We highlight emerging therapeutic strategies to target disulfidptosis in cancer, including glucose transporter inhibition, redox-targeting agents, and nanomaterial-based approaches, and consider its dual role in immunity, where it may suppress T cell function yet act as a form of immunogenic cell death. Together, these insights position disulfidptosis as both a conceptual advance in RCD biology and a promising target for cancer therapy that warrants further mechanistic and translational exploration.

Lipid nanoparticle-based messenger RNA (mRNA) delivery system have ushered in a new era of gene therapeutics. However, their clinical advances have been impeded by the inherent liver tropism of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), which limits extrahepatic applications. Herein, we highlight two recent studies written in Nature Materials. Guided by surface interface molecular mechanics, Chang and his colleagues worked on the intelligent design of targeted peptides combined with lipids. Concurrently, Lin and his colleagues explored novel organ-specific peptide-lipid materials and analyzed important LNP traits that co-determined the in vitro/in vivo transfection discrepancy. The resulting peptide-modified lipids exhibit the capacity for targeted delivery to various organs and realize gene editing function. These studies jointly established a modular platform that provides a rational and predictable strategy for designing tissue-specific LNPs, thereby paving the way for next-generation mRNA-based therapeutics.

Indoor geometric quality inspection plays a crucial role in construction quality control. Light detection and ranging (LiDAR) can obtain point cloud data of the indoor environments in full range, which then can be utilized to efficiently extract geometric features of building elements for inspection. However, existing data collection of indoor environments using LiDAR is still manually planned and implemented, which is quite time-consuming as the scanning space is usually unknown and the movability of equipment is limited. Therefore, this paper proposes an automated approach for indoor geometric quality inspection data collection based on Building Information Model (BIM) and quadruped robot equipped with LiDAR. First, BIM with accurate geometric and semantic information of building is integrated with heuristic algorithm to automate scan planning, including scan stations and order. Second, Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) integrates with BIM is equipped into a quadruped robot to achieve automated data collection capability. Finally, an intelligent execution module for scanning point cloud data in indoor environments is introduced. The proposed approach is validated in real indoor environments. Compared with traditional data collection methods, the experiment results show that the proposed approach can save 42% of scanning time, and the scanned point cloud data has better quality and enough density, which significantly improves the efficiency of inspection data collection for indoor geometric quality management. By unifying BIM-driven planning, SLAM-based localization, and quadruped robot mobility into a single framework, this study introduces a novel approach for large-scale automated indoor inspection, with attention to connected areas to ensure continuity across multiple spaces.

Significant progress in clinical care has extended human life expectancy to unprecedented levels. However, this trend has been parallelled by a rise in years lived with poor health, posing profound challenges not only to individual quality of life, but also to substantial medical and socioeconomic burdens at the population level. This underscores the urgent need for strategies that extend healthspan alongside lifespan. In this regard, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD⁺) has emerged as a central metabolic cofactor and signaling molecule that regulates processes fundamental to health and longevity, including energy metabolism, mitochondrial function, inflammation, and DNA repair. Importantly, intracellular NAD⁺ levels decline with age across multiple tissues and organ systems, and restoring NAD⁺ content has been shown to reinstate cellular and physiological function in various model systems. Among the strategies to augment NAD⁺, supplementation with its precursors, namely nicotinic acid/niacin, nicotinamide, nicotinamide riboside, and nicotinamide mononucleotide, represents the most practical and extensively studied approach. Over the past two decades, preclinical research and an increasing number of clinical trials have investigated the therapeutic potential of these precursors in preventing or reversing age-associated decline and pathologies. In this review, we synthesize recent clinical advances, critically evaluate the promise and limitations of NAD⁺ precursor supplementation, and discuss future directions for leveraging NAD⁺ metabolism to improve healthspan in a rapidly aging global population.

The growing complexity of construction projects demands decision processes that can integrate diverse professional perspectives across design, cost control, construction, and acceptance. Traditional sequential management approaches often leave conflicts unresolved until late stages, causing delays, cost overruns, and rework. To address this issue, this study develops a cross-stage workflow for construction projects that embeds artificial intelligence into collaborative decision-making. The workflow employs digital agents representing different roles, which engage in structured debates supported by evidence from building information modeling models, engineering drawings, cost records, and technical standards. Through iterative exchanges, alternative solutions are proposed, challenged, and refined, with the process producing decisions that are transparent, traceable, and adaptable to changing project conditions. Results from four representative scenarios confirm significant improvements over conventional practice: unresolved design clashes were reduced by more than 40%, cost forecast deviations narrowed from around 12% to below 5%, schedule variance under disruption decreased by about 18%, and first-pass acceptance rates increased from 74% to 88% with fewer reworks. A longer-term case study further demonstrated reductions in cost variance and project duration, together with higher stakeholder satisfaction. By coupling AI-enabled debate mechanisms with established digital construction environments, the workflow turns disciplinary conflicts into structured reasoning that enhances decision quality. The findings highlight how intelligent and collaborative approaches can deliver measurable gains in cost, time, and quality, while offering a practical pathway for advancing smart construction practices.

Effective scheduling in construction projects increasingly depends on allocating scarce multi-skilled labour under strict precedence and capacity constraints. Reinforcement learning (RL) techniques have presented outstanding performances in addressing Resource Constrained Project Scheduling Problem (RCPSP) instances. However, studies are lacking that utilise RL algorithms in solving extended RCPSP like the Multi-Skilled RCPSP (MSRCPSP). MSRCPSP is a nondeterministic polynomial time (NP)-hard problem that enables activity start times and allocation of multi-skilled resources to be determined simultaneously. Unlike the classical RCPSP, each activity specifies explicit skill requirements rather than anonymous capacity units. This study formulates scheduling as a Markov decision process and compares five optimisation agents, including the genetic algorithm, particle swarm optimisation, black-winged kite algorithm, deep Q-Network (DQN), and proximal policy optimisation (PPO), on benchmark instances from the MSLIB library. The results showed that solutions produced by PPO and DQN concentrate near the reference optima. PPO, in particular, attains the largest number of optimal or near-optimal schedules and the shortest makespans. In several instances, the deep reinforcement learning (DRL) agents also outperform the benchmark solutions, plausibly because CPLEX, constrained by a 60-second time limit, returns suboptimal solutions. Overall, the comparative results provide a practical benchmark of widely used heuristics and metaheuristics against DRL baselines, offering guidance for future algorithm selection and hybridisation for MSRCPSP.

Aims: Unique in the broader category of drug-resistant cells, persister cancer cells (PSs) acquire their tolerance to compounds through reversible, chromatin-mediated changes, allowing them to ‘persist’ in the face of cancer therapeutic agents. PSs are implicated in minimal residual disease from which cancer relapse occurs, and given their established sensitivity to ferroptosis, PSs present a critical point through which identification and targeting of drug-resistant cancers may be possible. Ferroptosis sensitivity in drug-resistant cancers may be caused by the attainment of the persister state, or it may merely be correlative with this state and due instead to extended inhibition of oncogenic signaling or the induction of chemotherapy stress. Nonetheless, ferroptosis sensitivity has emerged as a common phenotype across multiple PS and drug-resistant cancer cell types. Identifying biomarkers for and drivers of ferroptosis sensitivity in drug-resistant and PS cells is therefore a high priority.

Methods: We derived PS cells from the lung carcinoma cell line PC9 (PS^PC9), performed transcriptomic analysis, and subsequently lipidomics on the PC9/PS^PC9 system. Additionally, we reverted PS^PC9 cells to the ferroptosis-resistant parental state (PC9^{PS -> PC9}) and assessed the resulting lipid changes. We generated two additional PS-like cell models: PS-like prostate carcinoma (PS^LNCaP) from LNCaP cells and PS-like fibrosarcoma (PS^HT1080) from HT1080 cells, with lipidomics analysis. Finally, we performed a mitochondrial elimination assay and assessed its effect on ferroptosis sensitivity.

Results: We observed enrichment of lipid and sugar metabolism gene expression in PS^PC9; lipidomics revealed enrichment within PS^PC9 for ferroptosis-driving diPUFA phospholipids (diPUFA-PL), as well as polyunsaturated free fatty acids (PUFA FFAs). Upon PS^PC9 reversion to the ferroptosis-resistant parental state (PC9^{PS -> PC9}), this lipid signature reverted. The LNCaP and HT1080 PS-like models individually showed features consistent with PS, including an increased labile-iron pool, reversibility, and enhanced ferroptosis sensitivity, and had lipid features consistent with those in PS^PC9. Finally, mitochondrial elimination partially abrogated ferroptosis sensitivity and altered the PS lipid profile.

Conclusion: In summary, lipidomic changes dependent on the presence of mitochondria are key to the ferroptosis sensitivity of drug-tolerant persister cancer cells.

The biology of aging is increasingly understood through geroscience frameworks integrating molecular, cellular, physiological, and social hallmarks. Recently, we introduced psychosocial factors including mental illness as an important hallmark of aging. Indeed, exposome-centered approaches reveal complex interactions among socioeconomic, environmental, behavioral, and genomic factors. Precision Geromedicine aims to target all these determinants in a holistic fashion to improve aging trajectories and extend healthspan.